Laser cladding ndi mtundu watsopano waukadaulo wokutira. Ndiukadaulo wapamwamba kwambiri wophatikiza kuwala, zimango, magetsi, zida, kuzindikira, ndi kuwongolera. Ndikofunikira ukadaulo wothandizira paukadaulo wapamwamba wopanga laser ndipo imatha kuthana ndi mavuto omwe njira zopangira zachikhalidwe sizimatha. Ndiukadaulo wapamwamba kwambiri womwe umathandizidwa ndikulimbikitsidwa ndi boma. Pakalipano, luso la laser cladding lakhala imodzi mwa njira zofunika kwambiri pokonzekera zipangizo zatsopano, kupanga mofulumira komanso mwachindunji kwa zigawo zachitsulo, ndi kukonzanso zobiriwira zazitsulo zomwe zinalephera. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pakuyendetsa ndege, petroleum, magalimoto, kupanga makina, kupanga zombo, komanso kupanga nkhungu. ndi mafakitale ena. Pofuna kulimbikitsa kutukuka kwaukadaulo waukadaulo wa laser cladding, ofufuza padziko lonse lapansi achita kafukufuku mwatsatanetsatane pamakina ofunikira omwe amakhudzidwa ndi laser cladding ndipo apita patsogolo kwambiri. Pali kafukufuku wambiri, mapepala amsonkhano, ndi ma patent kunyumba ndi kunja akuyambitsa luso la laser cladding ndi ntchito zake zatsopano: kuphatikizapo zida za laser cladding, zipangizo, njira, kuyang'anira ndi kulamulira, kuyang'anira khalidwe, kayeseleledwe kachitidwe ndi kayeseleledwe, etc. mpaka pano, laser cladding luso sangathe ntchito m'mafakitale pamlingo waukulu. Kuwunika zifukwa, pali zinthu monga zinthu zomwe zimayang'aniridwa ndi boma, zolepheretsa kukhwima kwaukadaulo wa laser cladding palokha, komanso kuchuluka kwa kuzindikira kwaukadaulo wa laser cladding ndi magawo onse a anthu. Chifukwa chake, kuti tikwaniritse ntchito yonse yamafakitale yaukadaulo wa laser cladding, tiyenera kukulitsa kulengeza, kutsogozedwa ndi kufunikira kwa msika, kuyang'ana kwambiri pakudutsa zinthu zazikulu zomwe zimalepheretsa chitukuko, ndikuthetsa matekinoloje ofunikira omwe akukhudzidwa ndi ntchito zaumisiri. Ndikukhulupirira kuti posachedwapa, The minda ntchito ndi mphamvu ya laser cladding luso adzapitiriza kukula.

Nazi zitsanzo zochepa zogwiritsira ntchito laser cladding: mphamvu yokhazikika ya mtengo wa laser imatha kufika 1010 ~ 12W / cm2, ndipo kuzizira kwa zinthuzo kungakhale kokwera kwambiri mpaka 1012K / s. Makhalidwe ophatikizika awa samangopereka mwayi wokulitsa maphunziro atsopano mu sayansi yazinthu. Amapereka maziko olimba komanso chida chomwe sichinachitikepo pakukwaniritsidwa kwa zinthu zatsopano kapena malo atsopano ogwirira ntchito. Kusungunula kopangidwa ndi laser cladding kuli kutali ndi mkhalidwe wokhazikika wa kuzizira kofulumira pansi pa kutentha kwapamwamba kwambiri, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale njira zambiri zolimba zolimba, magawo osinthika, ngakhalenso magawo atsopano mu kapangidwe ka solidification, zatsimikiziridwa ndi chiwerengero chachikulu cha maphunziro. Imapereka mikhalidwe yatsopano ya thermodynamic ndi kinetic yopangira zigawo zokhazikika zokhazikika mu-situ autogenous particle-reinforced composite layers. Panthawi imodzimodziyo, kukonzekera zipangizo zatsopano ndi luso la laser cladding ndilofunika kwambiri pakukonzekera ndi kukonzanso magawo olephera pansi pazifukwa zazikulu komanso kupanga mwachindunji zigawo zazitsulo. Lalandira chidwi chachikulu komanso kafukufuku wamitundumitundu kuchokera kumagulu asayansi ndi mabizinesi padziko lonse lapansi. Pakalipano, luso la laser cladding lingagwiritsidwe ntchito pokonzekera chitsulo, nickel-based, cobalt-based, aluminiyamu-based, titaniyamu-based, magnesium-based, ndi zipangizo zina zachitsulo. Zogwiritsidwa ntchito bwino: zokutira zokhala ndi ntchito imodzi kapena zingapo zimatha kukonzedwa, monga kukana kuvala, kukana dzimbiri, kukana kutentha kwambiri, etc., komanso zokutira zapadera zogwirira ntchito. Kuchokera pamalingaliro a dongosolo lazinthu zomwe zimapanga zokutira, zapangidwa kuchokera ku ndondomeko ya binary alloy kupita kuzinthu zambiri. Mapangidwe a alloy komanso multifunctionality a multi-component system ndi njira zofunika zachitukuko pokonzekera zida zatsopano ndi laser cladding m'tsogolomu. Kafukufuku watsopano akuwonetsa kuti zida zachitsulo zokhala ndi zitsulo zimalamulira ntchito zauinjiniya za dziko langa. Panthawi imodzimodziyo, kulephera kwazitsulo zachitsulo (monga zowonongeka, kuvala, kutopa, etc.) kumachitika makamaka pazigawo zogwirira ntchito, ndipo pamwamba pafunika kulimbikitsidwa. Kuti akwaniritse zikhalidwe zautumiki wa workpiece, kugwiritsa ntchito zidutswa zazikulu za in-situ zodzipangira tokha zitsulo zopangidwa ndi zitsulo zopangidwa ndi zitsulo sizingowononga zinthu komanso zokwera mtengo kwambiri. Kumbali inayi, poyang'ana ma biomaterials achilengedwe kuchokera ku ma bionics, mawonekedwe awo ndi owundana kunja ndi ochepa mkati, ndipo katundu wawo ndi wovuta kunja ndi wolimba mkati. Kuphatikiza apo, kachulukidwe-ochepa, kulimba-kulimba kumasintha mu gradient kuchokera kunja kupita mkati. Zomwe zimapangidwira zachilengedwe Zopangidwe zapadera zimapangitsa kuti zikhale ndi ntchito zabwino kwambiri.

Malinga ndi magwiridwe antchito apadera komanso zofunikira pakugwirira ntchito kwa zida zauinjiniya, pakufunika mwachangu kupanga zida zatsopano zophatikizika zazitsulo zam'mwamba zokhala ndi zophatikizika zamphamvu komanso zolimba komanso magwiridwe antchito a gradient. Choncho, kugwiritsa ntchito laser cladding kukonzekera gradient zinchito mu-situ zodzipangira tinthu-amalimbitsa zitsulo masanjidwewo zitsulo zophatikizika ndi metallurgically omangika ku gawo lapansi sikungofunika mwachangu mchitidwe uinjiniya komanso mchitidwe wosalephereka pa chitukuko cha laser pamwamba kusinthidwa luso. . Laser cladding luso zanenedwa kukonzekera mu-situ autogenous tinthu-analimbitsa zitsulo masanjidwewo zitsulo zophatikizika ndi zipangizo zimagwirira ntchito graded, koma ambiri a iwo amakhalabe pa siteji ya kapangidwe ndi kusanthula ntchito, kulamulira magawo ndondomeko, kukula, katayanitsidwe, ndi buku chiŵerengero cha gawo lolimbitsa silinafike pamlingo wowongolera. Ntchito ya gradient imapangidwa kudzera mu zokutira zamitundu yambiri, ndipo mosakayikira pali vuto la kulumikizana kofooka pakati pa zigawo. Pali njira yayitali yoti tipite patsogolo pakuchita. Kugwiritsa ntchito laser cladding luso kukonzekera zitsulo ofotokoza pamwamba gulu zipangizo ndi controllable tinthu kukula, kuchuluka, ndi kugawa, moyenera chikufanana mphamvu ndi toughness, ndi kaphatikizidwe ntchito gradient ndi mu-situ kudziona opangidwa tinthu kulimbitsa ndi yofunika chitukuko malangizo m'tsogolo. Zomwe zili mu kafukufukuyu zikuphatikiza:

1. Ukadaulo, njira ndi mfundo za cladding zinthu zikuchokera, kapangidwe ndi ntchito kamangidwe ndi ulamuliro luso ndondomeko kukhazikitsa.
2. Kukhazikitsa thermodynamic ndi kinetic zitsanzo kwa tinthu kulimbitsa gawo mpweya, kukula ndi kulimbikitsa zimagwirira ntchito graded autogenous tinthu-amalimbitsa zitsulo masanjidwewo composites zokonzedwa ndi laser cladding.
3. .Particle-reinforced phase morphology, kapangidwe, ntchito ndi kapangidwe ka bionic kaphatikizidwe ndiukadaulo wowongolera kukula, kuchuluka ndi kugawa.
4. Kafukufuku pa mfundo, zinthu zofunika kwambiri ndi njira zopangira zokutira, kapangidwe kake ndi magwiridwe antchito.
5. Kuyang'ana, kuwongolera kusanthula, ndi mawonekedwe a ma macro ndi ma micro interfaces; kusanthula ndi kuzindikira zinthu wamba wa magwiridwe graded in-situ particle-reinforced metal matrix composites, komanso kuvala khalidwe ndi kulephera njira pansi pa ntchito zosiyanasiyana. Kupambana muzofukufukuzi kumatha kuthetsa vuto la kusagwirizana pakati pa zokutira ndi gawo lapansi komanso makonda kung'ambika, ndikulimbikitsa kukulitsa gawo laukadaulo wa laser cladding.