Zomwe zidapangidwa pano zikugwirizana ndi gawo laukadaulo waukadaulo wa laser additive kukonza, komanso makamaka ku zinthu za laser cladding ndi njira ya laser cladding yolimbitsa chodulira makina a chishango.

Makina a Shield amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pomanga ma projekiti osiyanasiyana. Wodula makina a chishango amagwira ntchito mwachindunji pamtunda wakukumba. Chifukwa cha malo ake ogwirira ntchito, katundu wosakhazikika, ndi katundu wambiri, ndi imodzi mwa zigawo zomwe zimawonongeka mosavuta panthawi yofukula. Pogwira ntchito pamiyala yovuta, pofuna kuwonetsetsa kuti siteshoni yomwe ikuphwanyidwa ndi miyala, mphamvu yamakina imawonjezeka, ndipo kuvala kwa wodula kumakhala koopsa kwambiri. Panthawi imodzimodziyo, chifukwa cha zovuta za malo ogwirira ntchito makina a chishango, kulimba kwa zotsatira za wodula kumaganiziridwanso. Zochita zamakina za wodulira zomwe zilipo zafika pachimake ndipo zimakhala zovuta kupititsa patsogolo. Malinga ndi kusanthula kwa chiphunzitso cha kukangana ndi kuvala, kuwonjezereka kwa kuuma kudzakulitsa kukana kwa wodula. Pakalipano, njira yaikulu yosinthira chida ndiyo kugwiritsa ntchito zokutira zosavala.

Monga akutulukira kulimbikitsa luso ndi mkulu digiri ya ufulu, laser cladding luso angagwiritsidwe ntchito mbali kulimbikitsa, mbali kukonza ndi remanufacturing, etc. Kuphatikiza Kutentha mofulumira ndi kuzirala mofulumira kungathandize bwino konza bungwe ndi kusintha kulimbikitsa zotsatira; kuchuluka kwa kuthirira kwamadzi kumakhala kochepa, komwe kumatsimikiziranso kuti ntchito yophimba ikugwirizana ndi cholinga choyambirira; ❖ kuyanika cladding n'zosavuta kukwaniritsa zomangira zitsulo, kuonetsetsa kudalirika kwa chida ntchito m'tsogolo; tinthu tating'onoting'ono tosamva kuvala timakulitsa kuuma komanso kukana kuvala, ndikuwongolera gawo la gawo lolimba lomangirira kuti likhale lolimba komanso kupewa kuphulika. Komabe, njira ya laser cladding imaletsedwa ndi magwiridwe antchito a ufa wophatikizika, ndipo kusanjikizako kumakhala ndi zolakwika monga ming'alu ndi inclusions, zomwe zimachepetsa kugwiritsa ntchito kuyika laser m'munda wa chishango makina odula kulimbitsa. Kuphatikizidwa ndi chithandizo chamalingaliro cha makina odulira miyala, magawo amiyala, ndi kafukufuku waposachedwa wosamva zotchingira, zofunikira zenizeni za chodulira makina a chishango champhamvu, kulimba komanso kukana kuvala zimawunikidwa. Popeza chishango makina chivundikiro ali ndi zofunika kwambiri pa kulimba ndi kuvala kukana, m'pofunika kugwiritsa ntchito laser cladding wosanjikiza zakuthupi ndi wapawiri limagwirira a molimba kugwirizana gawo ndi zolimba kuvala zosagwira particles. Komabe, pamene kuchuluka kwa tinthu tating'onoting'ono tosamva kuvala kumawonjezeka, zinthu zomwe zimakhudza magwiridwe antchito a cladding zimakhala zovuta, ndipo kupsinjika kwa m'deralo ndi magwero a ming'alu kumawonjezeka.

Mwachidule, pansi pamalingaliro owonetsetsa kuti mgwirizano ukuyenda bwino komanso magwiridwe antchito apamwamba a hob cladding wosanjikiza, kupeza zokutira zolimba komanso zolimba zomwe zimatha kukumana ndi kugwiritsa ntchito makina achitetezo ndivuto lomwe likuyenera kuthetsedwa. Poganizira izi, zomwe zidapangidwa pano zikuperekedwa mwapadera.

Pofuna kuthetsa mavuto omwe tawatchulawa, zomwe zilipo panopa zimapereka zida za laser cladding ndi laser cladding njira yolimbikitsira makina a chishango kuti athetse mavuto omwe atchulidwa pamwambapa. Pakatikati pa zomwe zapezedwa pano ndi: posakaniza zozungulira zazikulu za tungsten carbide (m'mimba mwake 50μm-100μm) ndi tungsten carbide yaing'ono yozungulira (m'mimba mwake 20μm-45μm) ndi ufa wopangidwa ndi chitsulo wopangidwa ndi aloyi ndikuyika pamwamba pa hob. , ndi kulamulira okwana tungsten carbide (WC) chiŵerengero ndi kusintha chiŵerengero cha particles lalikulu ndi laling'ono, ubwino uliwonse tinthu kukula osiyanasiyana ozungulira tungsten carbide ndi maximized, ndi mawotchi katundu wa cladding wosanjikiza ali bwino bwino. Tinthu tating'ono ta WC tili ndi kuuma kwakukulu komanso kukana kuvala. Monga gawo lolimba pakupaka kophatikizana, kuuma kwake kwakukulu (kuposa 2000HV0.3) kugwira ntchito ndi chitetezo chomwe chimabweretsa kumatha kulimbitsa bwino kusanjikiza kwa cladding. Komabe, pamene kuchuluka kwa tungsten carbide muzitsulo zokhala ndi chitsulo kupitirira 50%, kukhudzidwa kwa crack kumawonjezeka. Chifukwa chake, kuti mukwaniritse zofunikira zogwiritsira ntchito makina a chishango, gawo lalikulu la tungsten carbide liyenera kuwongoleredwa. Matrix azinthu amatengera ufa wachitsulo wopangidwa ndi chitsulo champhamvu kwambiri kuti apeze chowonjezera cha laser cladding hob chomwe chimapulumutsa zida za cobalt/nickel.

Kuti akwaniritse cholinga chomwe tatchula pamwambapa, zomwe zapangidwa pano zimagwiritsa ntchito njira zotsatirazi:

Chovala cha laser cholimbitsa chivundikiro cha makina a chishango, chokhala ndi gawo loyambira ndi wosanjikiza wosavala wovala pamunsi wosanjikiza; maziko ake amakutidwa ndi iron-based tungsten carbide composite alloy powder I, tungsten carbide composite composite alloy powder I imakhala ndi tungsten carbide I ndi chitsulo-based alloy powder I, kuchuluka kwa spherical tungsten carbide I ndi 25. % -35%, kuchuluka kwa chitsulo-based alloy powder I ndi 65% -75%, chiŵerengero cha tungsten carbide yaikulu-grained spherical tungsten carbide yaing'ono yozungulira tungsten carbide mu spherical tungsten carbide I ndi 3.5: 1- 2.5: 1, chitsulo-based alloy powder I imakhala ndi C, Si, Cr, Ni, Mo, Mn, Fe, kuchuluka kwa C ndi 0.07% -0.13%, kuchuluka kwa Si ndi: 1.2% -2% , kuchuluka kwa Cr ndi: 21% -28%, kuchuluka kwa Ni ndi: 12% -20%, kuchuluka kwa Mo ndi: 0 .7% -1.3%, kuchuluka kwa Mn ndi: 0.7 % -1.3%, ndipo ndalamazo ndi Fe;

Chosanjikiza chosavala chimapangidwa ndi chitsulo chopangidwa ndi tungsten carbide composite alloy powder II, chitsulo chochokera ku tungsten carbide composite alloy powder II chili ndi spherical tungsten carbide II ndi iron-based alloy powder II, kuchuluka kwa spherical tungsten carbide. II ndi 35% -45%, kuchuluka kwa chitsulo-based alloy powder I ndi 55% -65%, chiŵerengero cha tungsten carbide yaikulu-grained spherical tungsten carbide yaing'ono yozungulira tungsten carbide mu spherical tungsten carbide II ndi 1: 1-1.4: 1, chitsulo-based alloy powder II chili ndi C, Si, Cr, Ni, Mo, Mn, Fe, kuchuluka kwa C ndi 0.07% -0.13%, kuchuluka kwa Si ndi: 1.2% - 2%, kuchuluka kwa Cr ndi: 21% -28%, kuchuluka kwa Ni ndi: 12% -20%, kuchuluka kwa Mo ndi: 0.7% -1 .3%, kuchuluka kwa Mn ndi : 0.7% -1.3%, ndipo ndalamazo ndi Fe.

Kuphatikiza apo, kuchuluka kwa spherical tungsten carbide I ndi 30%, kuchuluka kwa chitsulo-based alloy powder I ndi 70%, chiŵerengero chamagulu akuluakulu ozungulira tungsten carbide ku tungsten carbide yaing'ono yozungulira mu tungsten yozungulira. carbide I ndi 3: 1, kuchuluka kwa C mu chitsulo-based alloy powder I ndi: 0.1%, kuchuluka kwa Si ndi: 1.6%, kuchuluka kwa Cr ndi: 23%, kuchuluka kwa Ni. ndi: 14%, kuchuluka kwa Mo ndi: 1%, kuchuluka kwa Mn ndi: 1%, ndipo ndalama zonse ndi Fe.

Kuphatikiza apo, kuchuluka kwa ozungulira tungsten carbide II ndi 40%, kuchuluka kwa chitsulo-based alloy powder II ndi 60%, chiŵerengero cha tungsten carbide yayikulu-grained spherical tungsten carbide ku tungsten carbide yaying'ono yozungulira mu tungsten yozungulira. carbide II ndi 55:45, kuchuluka kwa C mu chitsulo-based alloy powder II ndi: 0.1%, kuchuluka kwa Si ndi: 1.6%, kuchuluka kwa Cr ndi: 23%, kuchuluka kwa Ni ndi: 14%, kuchuluka kwa Mo ndi: 1%, kuchuluka kwa Mn ndi: 1%, ndipo yotsalira ndi Fe.

Komanso, lalikulu-grained ozungulira tungsten carbide ndi tungsten carbide tinthu ndi awiri a 50μm-100μm, ndi yaing'ono ozungulira ozungulira tungsten carbide ndi tungsten carbide tinthu ndi awiri a 20μm-45μm. Zomwe zilipo panopa zimaperekanso njira ya laser cladding ya laser cladding zakuthupi monga tafotokozera pamwambapa, poyamba kugwiritsa ntchito chitsulo chochokera ku tungsten carbide composite alloy powder I monga maziko oti azivala pamwamba pa chishango cha makina a chishango, ndiyeno kuphimba chitsulo- yochokera ku tungsten carbide composite alloy powder II pamwamba pamtunda wa maziko ngati wosanjikiza wosavala.

Kuphatikiza apo, njirayo imaphatikizapo njira zotsatirazi:

Gawo 1, substrate pretreatment
Gwiritsani ntchito chopukusira ngodya kuti muchotse ma oxides pamtunda wapansi panthaka, gwiritsani ntchito sandpaper pogaya pamwamba kuti muveke mpaka malo oti azivala mosalala, ndiyeno gwiritsani ntchito acetone kuyeretsa ndi kuwumitsa kuchotsa mafuta pamtunda ndi dothi lotsalira;

Gawo 2, pretreatment ufa
The iron-based tungsten carbide composite alloy powder I ndi chitsulo-based tungsten carbide composite composite alloy powder II amaikidwa mu ng'anjo yowonongeka kuti ateteze kutentha ndi kuyanika motsatira;

Khwerero 3, laser cladding base layer
Kudyetsa ufa kumatengera njira yodyetsera ufa wa coaxial wa ufa wa migolo iwiri, ndipo chitsulo chowuma chopangidwa ndi tungsten carbide composite alloy powder I ndi tungsten carbide composite composite alloy powder II zimayikidwa mu migolo yosiyanasiyana ya ufa. wodyetsa motero, ndipo malo a ufa amasinthidwa kuti agwirizane pa malo a laser;
Laser yamphamvu kwambiri ya semiconductor imagwiritsidwa ntchito, ndipo mkono wamakina ndi choyikapo chopendekera chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kuwongolera momwe laser ndi hob imayendera ndikuzindikira kusinthasintha kwa hob, kusintha mawonekedwe a laser ndi kutalika kokhazikika, ndikuvala ziwiri. zigawo za chitsulo ofotokoza tungsten carbide gulu aloyi ufa I pamwamba pa hob pansi wabwino argon zoteteza chikhalidwe kukonzekera laser cladding m'munsi wosanjikiza;

Gawo 4, laser cladding kuvala zosagwira wosanjikiza
Pamwamba pa mazikowo amapukutidwa ndi kuphwanyidwa, ndipo zinthu zakunja zakunja zimachotsedwa. Mankhwalawa akamaliza, gawo laling'ono lachitsulo limakonzedwa kumtunda kwa tsinde la pansi pogwiritsa ntchito chitsulo chochokera ku tungsten carbide composite alloy powder II.

Kuphatikiza apo, gawo lapansi mu gawo 1 ndi chitsulo cha H13.
Kupitilira apo, magawo atatu a laser cladding process ndi 3W, m'mimba mwake ndi 1400mm, kuthamanga kwa sikani ndi 4mm/min, kuchulukana ndi 600%, kuthamanga kwa ufa ndi 40g/mphindi, kutchingira mpweya: argon, mpweya wodyetsera ufa: argon, kutchingira mpweya wotuluka ndi 10.8L/mphindi, ndipo makulidwe apansi amakonzedwa kukhala 12mm.
Komanso, magawo a laser cladding process mu sitepe 4 ndi: laser cladding mphamvu ndi 1400W, malo awiri ndi 4mm, kupanga sikani liwiro ndi 420mm/mphindi, kuchulukana ndi 40%, ufa kudya liwiro ndi 10.8g/mphindi, kutchinga mpweya: argon, gasi wodyetsera ufa: argon, kutchingira mpweya wothamanga ndi 12L / min, ndipo wosanjikiza wosamva amakonzedwa kukhala 1mm.

Ubwino wa zomwe zapezedwa pano ndi izi:
Zomwe zidapangidwa pano zimapereka zida za laser cladding ndi njira yopangira laser yolimbikitsira chodulira cha hob cha makina a chishango. Chitsulo chopangidwa ndi chitsulo ndi gawo lomangira lomwe limakana kung'aluka komanso kunyowa kwambiri kwa gawo lapansi la mphete ya cutter. Poyerekeza ndi magawo olumikizana a aloyi opangidwa ndi faifi tambala ndi ma aloyi opangidwa ndi cobalt, ndi chisankho chotsika mtengo kwambiri. Panthawi imodzimodziyo, chifukwa cha mphamvu yake yogwira ntchito yolumikizana, imatha kulimbitsa bwino kwambiri ndi tungsten carbide particles. Ozungulira tungsten carbide amasankhidwa kuti achepetse kupsinjika kwamakona komwe kumachitika chifukwa cha mawonekedwe a tungsten carbide. Tungsten carbide particles ndi awiri a 20μm-45μm ndi ang'onoang'ono kukula kwake, ali ndi malo aakulu mawonekedwe ndi zitsulo masanjidwewo, kumapangitsanso mawonekedwe mawonekedwe, ndipo amagawidwa mofanana. Tungsten carbide particles ndi awiri a 50μm-100μm angapereke bwino kulimbikitsa zotsatira ndi kuonjezera kubala mphamvu ya cladding wosanjikiza.

Choyamba, pamene gawo lalikulu la 50μm-100μm tungsten carbide ufa likusakanikirana ndi kachigawo kakang'ono ka 20μm-45μm tungsten carbide ufa, kulimba kwabwino kwa matrix aloyi kumatha kusungidwa mpaka kumlingo wakutiwakuti, pamene mphamvu ndi kuuma zidzatha. kukhala bwino. Popeza agglomeration wa 50μm-100μm tungsten carbide ufa mu laser cladding wosanjikiza ndi m'munsi kuposa 20μm-45μm tungsten carbide ufa, ndi zosiyana ndi zoonekeratu m'dera kuumitsa chodabwitsa chifukwa ntchito lalikulu-grained tungsten carbide ufa yekha kukonzekera laser. cladding wosanjikiza. Kuphatikizika ndi kagawo kakang'ono ka 20μm-45μm tungsten carbide powder kumatha kudzaza bwino mipata ndikulimbikitsa kufanana kwa khalidwe la kusakaniza. Chifukwa chake, chitsulo chochokera ku tungsten carbide composite alloy powder I ndi yoyenera kukonzekera gawo loyambira lomwe limagwira ntchito yolimba pakupaka utoto wa laser.

Kachiwiri, pamene 50μm-100μm tungsten carbide ufa ndi 20μm-45μm tungsten carbide ufa wa milingo ofanana ndi osakaniza, apamwamba pafupifupi kuuma adzaoneka, ndipo ntchito mphamvu apamwamba adzapezeka, amene kwambiri kusintha kuvala kukana kwa makina chishango. mphete yodula. Kutengera mawonekedwe a magwiridwe antchito awa, chitsulo chopangidwa ndi tungsten carbide composite alloy powder II ndi oyenera kukonzekera wosanjikiza wosamva wa pamwamba wosanjikiza wa laser cladding.

Pofuna kufotokozera momveka bwino ndondomeko yeniyeni yogwiritsira ntchito njira yomwe yapangidwira panopa, ndondomeko yeniyeni yoyendetsera ntchitoyi idzayambitsidwa pamodzi ndi zojambula zomwe zili pansipa.
Chithunzi 1 ndi chithunzi chojambula cha electron microscope cha ufa wosankhidwa wa alloy: (a) ndi macroscopic morphology ya chitsulo-based alloy powder; (b) ndi mawonekedwe a macroscopic a tinthu tating'onoting'ono ta tungsten carbide; (c) ndi macroscopic morphology ya 20-45μm tungsten carbide particles; (d) ndi macroscopic morphology ya 50-150μm tungsten carbide particles;

Chithunzi 2 ndi metallographic fano la chitsulo-based tungsten carbide composite aloyi ufa laser cladding wosanjikiza;

Chithunzi 3 ndi chithunzithunzi cha maikulosikopu ya ma elekitironi chachitsulo chopangidwa ndi tungsten carbide composite layer;

Chithunzi 4 ndi chithunzi chojambula cha zotsatira za kuuma kwachitsulo chopangidwa ndi tungsten carbide composite alloy powder laser cladding layer;

Chithunzi 5 ndi mpeni mphete cladding otaya tchati;

Chithunzi 6 ndi chithunzi chojambula cha chipangizo chophimbira mphete ya mpeni.

Pachithunzichi: 1 ndi 6KW flexible laser processing system, 2 ndi hob yamakina a chishango, ndipo 3 ndi malo.

Njira yeniyeni yokhazikitsira
Zomwe zidapangidwa pano zikufotokozedwanso m'munsimu kudzera m'mawonekedwe enieni, koma kuchuluka kwa chitetezo chazomwe zapangidwa pano sikokwanira pa izi.
M'zitsanzo zotsatirazi, chitsulo-based alloy ufa onse amakonzedwa ndi njira yomweyo atomization ndi sieved kupeza 50-100μm tinthu kukula ufa. Mapangidwe a ufa akuwonetsedwa mu Chithunzi 1 (a). Tungsten carbide m'zitsanzo zotsatirazi ndi spherical cast tungsten carbide, monga momwe tawonetsera pa Chithunzi 1(b); yaing'ono-tinthu ozungulira tungsten carbide ali tinthu kukula kwa 20μm-45μm, monga momwe chithunzi 1(c); lalikulu-tinthu tungsten carbide ufa ali tinthu kukula kwa 50μm-100μm, monga momwe chithunzi 1(d). Ufa wa alloy-based alloy ndi tungsten carbide amasakanizidwa ndi mphero ya vacuum mpira.

Mwachitsanzo 1
Zovala za laser zomwe zili m'mawonekedwe awa zimaphatikizanso gawo loyambira ndi wosanjikiza wosavala wovala pamunsi. Chosanjikiza chapansi chimakutidwa ndi chitsulo chopangidwa ndi tungsten carbide composite alloy powder I. The iron-based tungsten carbide composite composite alloy powder I amaphatikizapo spherical tungsten carbide I ndi iron-based alloy powder I. Spherical tungsten carbide I amawerengera 30%, chitsulo- zochokera aloyi ufa I amawerengera 70%, ndipo chiŵerengero cha lalikulu-grained ozungulira tungsten carbide kwa ang'onoang'ono ozungulira tungsten carbide mu spherical tungsten carbide I ndi 3:1;
Chosanjikiza chosamva kuvala chimakutidwa ndi chitsulo chopangidwa ndi tungsten carbide composite alloy powder II. Iron-based tungsten carbide composite alloy powder II imaphatikizapo spherical tungsten carbide II ndi iron-based alloy powder II. spherical tungsten carbide II ndi 40%, iron-based alloy powder II ndi 60%, ndipo chiŵerengero cha tungsten carbide yozungulira kwambiri ndi 55:45.
Zomwe tazitchula pamwambapa zitsulo zopangidwa ndi aloyi ufa I ndi chitsulo-based alloy powder II zimagwiritsa ntchito chitsulo chofanana ndi chitsulo, ndipo chiwerengero cha misala ndi C: 0.1%, Si: 1.6%, Cr: 23%, Ni: 12 %, Mo: 1%, Mn: 1%, ndipo ndalama zonse ndi Fe.
Zomwe tazitchula pamwambazi zazikulu zozungulira tungsten carbide ndi tungsten carbide tinthu tating'onoting'ono ta 50μm-100μm, ndipo tinthu tating'onoting'ono tokhala ndi tungsten carbide ndi tinthu tating'onoting'ono tating'ono ta 20μm-45μm.
Mayeso olimbitsa thupi a single-pass laser cladding adachitika pazishango zamakina a hob gawo lapansi, ndipo njira yogwirira ntchito ndi motere:
Kuyika kwa gawo lapansi: Mphete yodulira hob imagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati gawo lapansi, ndipo zinthu zake ndi chitsulo cha H13. Potengera Chithunzi 6, mphete yodula imangiriridwa pa choyikapo, ndipo okusayidi ya pamwamba imachotsedwa ndi chopukusira ngodya. Pamwamba pake amapukutidwa ndi ma mesh 80, 240 mesh, ndi 500 mesh sandpaper motsatizana, kenako amatsukidwa ndikuumitsa ndi acetone kuchotsa mafuta otsalira ndi dzimbiri lotsalira pamwamba.
Kukonzekera kwa ufa wothirira: Ikani chitsulo chopangidwa ndi tungsten carbide composite alloy powder I ndi iron-based tungsten carbide composite alloy powder II mu ng'anjo yowumitsa vacuum pa 130 ° C kwa maola awiri. Ufa umadyetsedwa ndi njira yodyetsera ufa wa coaxial wa ufa wa migolo iwiri. Zouma zachitsulo zopangidwa ndi tungsten carbide composite alloy powder I ndi iron-based tungsten carbide composite alloy powder II zimayikidwa m'migolo yosiyanasiyana ya ufa wa feeder, ndipo mawanga a ufa amasinthidwa kuti agwirizane pamalo a laser spot.
Njira yotsekera yoyambira: Sinthani liwiro la malo kuti liwiro lakunja la hob likhale lofanana ndi 600mm / s, kuthamanga kwa ufa ndi 10.8g / min, mphamvu ya laser ndi 1400W, makulidwe oyambira akonzedwa kuti pafupifupi 1mm, mpweya woteteza ndi argon, mpweya wodyetsa ufa ndi argon, ndipo mpweya wotetezera mpweya ndi 12L / min. Konzaninso utali wokhazikika pambuyo pa chotchinga chilichonse kuti mawanga a ufa wopepuka agwirizane. Kuyika magawo awiri a base layer.
Njira yotchingira yosamva kuvala: Pamwamba pa maziko ake amapukutidwa ndikuphwanyidwa, ndipo zinthu zakunja pamwamba zimachotsedwa; pambuyo pa chithandizo, wosanjikiza wosavala amakonzedwa. Zigawo ziwiri za zigawo za cladding zimakonzedwa kumtunda kwa gawo loyambira pogwiritsa ntchito iron-based tungsten carbide composite alloy powder II. Kuthamanga kwa poyimitsa kumasinthidwa kuti liwiro lakunja la hob likhale lofanana ndi 600mm / s, kuthamanga kwa ufa ndi 10.8g / min, mphamvu ya laser ndi 1400W, ndipo wosanjikiza wosavala amakonzedwa. Makulidwe a wosanjikiza wosavala amakonzedwa kukhala pafupifupi 1mm.
Pambuyo pokonza: Chovala chotchinga pambuyo povala chimayang'aniridwa ndi kuzindikira zolakwika za utoto. Zotsatira zodziwikiratu zolakwika zikuwonetsa kuti palibe cholakwika chowoneka bwino pakupaka ndipo wosanjikiza wa cladding amakhala wabwino. Mphete ya mpeni imayikidwa mu ng'anjo yotenthetsera kutentha kwa 260 ℃ kwa 4h ndiyeno itakhazikika mu ng'anjoyo kuti ichotse kupsinjika kotsalira komwe kumachitika chifukwa cha kuchulukira kwazinthu zosiyanasiyana panthawi ya laser cladding. Chophimba cha single-pass pa hob pamwamba chimayesedwa ndi kudula waya. Pambuyo pake, kuwunika kwa metallographic ndi sikani ma electron maikulosikopu kunachitika pakumangirira kwa tungsten carbide mu hob cladding wosanjikiza pambuyo povala. Zotsatira zikuwonetsedwa mu Zithunzi 2 ndi 3. Tungsten carbide imamangirizidwa bwino mu matrix ndipo imakhala ndi dongosolo lolimba. Maonekedwe a tungsten carbide amakhalabe ozungulira. Kuwonongeka kwa kutentha kwa tungsten carbide pansi pa njirayi kumayendetsedwa bwino, ndipo mapangidwe a brittle phases amachepetsedwa. Kuuma kwa chitsanzocho kunayesedwa, ndipo zotsatira zake zikuwonetsedwa mu Chithunzi 4. Kuuma kumakhala bwino kwambiri poyerekeza ndi gawo lapansi.

Mwachitsanzo 2
Mwachiwonekere ichi, zida za laser cladding zimaphatikizansopo gawo loyambira ndi wosanjikiza wosavala wovala pamunsi. Chosanjikiza chapansi chimakhala ndi chitsulo chopangidwa ndi tungsten carbide composite alloy powder I. The iron-based tungsten carbide composite composite alloy powder I ili ndi spherical tungsten carbide I ndi iron-based alloy powder I. The spherical tungsten carbide I ndi 25%, the Iron-based alloy powder I amawerengera 75%, ndipo chiŵerengero cha tungsten carbide yozungulira kwambiri yozungulira ndi yaing'ono yozungulira tungsten carbide mu tungsten carbide I yozungulira ndi 3.5: 1.
Chosanjikiza chosamva kuvala chimapangidwa ndi chitsulo chopangidwa ndi tungsten carbide composite alloy powder II. The iron-based tungsten carbide composite alloy powder II ili ndi spherical tungsten carbide II ndi iron-based alloy powder II. spherical tungsten carbide II ndi 35%, iron-based alloy powder II ndi 65%, ndipo chiŵerengero cha tungsten carbide yozungulira kwambiri ndi tungsten carbide yaying'ono ndi 1: 1.
Zomwe tazitchula pamwambapa zitsulo zopangidwa ndi aloyi ufa I ndi chitsulo-based alloy powder II zimagwiritsa ntchito chitsulo chofanana ndi chitsulo, ndipo chiwerengero cha misala ndi C: 0.07%, Si: 1.2%, Cr: 28%, Ni: 14 %, Mo: 1%, Mn: 1.3%, ndipo ndalama zonse ndi Fe.
Zomwe tazitchula pamwambazi zazikulu zozungulira tungsten carbide ndi tungsten carbide tinthu tating'onoting'ono ta 50μm-100μm, ndipo tinthu tating'onoting'ono tokhala ndi tungsten carbide ndi tinthu tating'onoting'ono tating'ono ta 20μm-45μm.
Kukonzekera kwa ufa, kukonzekera zitsanzo ndi njira zoyesera kumatanthawuza Chitsanzo 1. Pambuyo poyesedwa, kuuma kwa chiŵerengero cha chinthu ndipamwamba kwambiri, kuuma kwapakati pa wosanjikiza wosavala kumafika 795HV0.3, ndipo kuuma kwapakati pa maziko kumafika. 662HV0.3.

Mwachitsanzo 3
Zovala za laser zomwe zili m'mawonekedwe awa zimaphatikizanso gawo loyambira ndi wosanjikiza wosavala wovala pamunsi. Chosanjikiza chapansi chimakutidwa ndi chitsulo chopangidwa ndi tungsten carbide composite alloy powder I. The iron-based tungsten carbide composite composite alloy powder I ili ndi spherical tungsten carbide I ndi iron-based alloy powder I. The spherical tungsten carbide I ndi 35%, the Iron-based alloy powder I amawerengera 65%, ndipo chiŵerengero cha tungsten carbide yozungulira yozungulira kwambiri ndi yaing'ono yozungulira tungsten carbide mu tungsten carbide I yozungulira ndi 2.5: 1.
Chosanjikiza chosamva kuvala chimapangidwa ndi chitsulo chopangidwa ndi tungsten carbide composite alloy powder II. The iron-based tungsten carbide composite alloy powder II ili ndi spherical tungsten carbide II ndi iron-based alloy powder II. spherical tungsten carbide II ndi 45%, iron-based alloy powder II ndi 55%, ndipo chiŵerengero cha tungsten carbide yozungulira kwambiri ndi tungsten carbide yaying'ono ndi 1.4: 1.
Zomwe tazitchula pamwambapa zitsulo zopangidwa ndi aloyi ufa I ndi chitsulo-based alloy powder II zimagwiritsa ntchito chitsulo chofanana ndi chitsulo, ndipo chiwerengero cha misala ndi C: 0.13%, Si: 1.2%, Cr: 21%, Ni: 14 %, Mo: 0.7%, Mn: 1%, ndipo ndalama zonse ndi Fe.
Zomwe tazitchula pamwambazi zazikulu zozungulira tungsten carbide ndi tungsten carbide tinthu tating'onoting'ono ta 50μm-100μm, ndipo tinthu tating'onoting'ono tokhala ndi tungsten carbide ndi tinthu tating'onoting'ono tating'ono ta 20μm-45μm.
Kukonzekera kwa ufa, kukonzekera zitsanzo ndi njira zoyesera kumatanthawuza Chitsanzo 1. Pambuyo poyesedwa, kuuma kwapakati pa wosanjikiza wosavala ndi 675HV0.3, ndipo kuuma kwapakati pa maziko ndi 507HV0.3. Chitsanzo ichi chili ndi zotsatira zabwino zolimbitsa thupi.

Mwachitsanzo 4
Zovala za laser zomwe zili m'mawonekedwe awa zimaphatikizanso gawo loyambira ndi wosanjikiza wosavala wovala pamunsi. Chosanjikiza chapansi chimakutidwa ndi chitsulo chopangidwa ndi tungsten carbide composite alloy powder I. The iron-based tungsten carbide composite composite alloy powder I amaphatikizapo spherical tungsten carbide I ndi iron-based alloy powder I. Spherical tungsten carbide I amawerengera 30%, chitsulo- zochokera aloyi ufa I amawerengera 70%, ndipo chiŵerengero cha lalikulu-grained ozungulira tungsten carbide kwa ang'onoang'ono ozungulira tungsten carbide mu spherical tungsten carbide I ndi 3:1;
Chosanjikiza chosamva kuvala chimakutidwa ndi chitsulo chopangidwa ndi tungsten carbide composite alloy powder II. Iron-based tungsten carbide composite alloy powder II imaphatikizapo spherical tungsten carbide II ndi iron-based alloy powder II. spherical tungsten carbide II ndi 40%, iron-based alloy powder II ndi 60%, ndipo chiŵerengero cha tungsten carbide yozungulira kwambiri ndi 55:45.
Zomwe tazitchula pamwambapa zitsulo zopangidwa ndi aloyi ufa I ndi chitsulo-based alloy powder II zimagwiritsa ntchito chitsulo chofanana ndi chitsulo, ndipo chiwerengero cha misala ndi C: 0.1%, Si: 2%, Cr: 23%, Ni: 20 %, Mo: 1%, Mn: 0.7%, ndipo ndalama zonse ndi Fe.
Zomwe tazitchula pamwambazi zazikulu zozungulira tungsten carbide ndi tungsten carbide tinthu tating'onoting'ono ta 50μm-100μm, ndipo tinthu tating'onoting'ono tokhala ndi tungsten carbide ndi tinthu tating'onoting'ono tating'ono ta 20μm-45μm.
Kukonzekera ufa, kukonzekera zitsanzo ndi njira yoyesera kumatanthawuza Chitsanzo 1. Pambuyo poyesedwa, pamene chiwerengero cha tungsten carbide chikuwonjezeka, malo okhudzana ndi mgwirizano pakati pa tungsten carbide ndi dziwe losungunuka muzitsulo zophimba zimachepa, ndipo kuwonongeka kwa kutentha kwa thupi kumachepa. tungsten carbide imayendetsedwanso.

Mwachitsanzo 5
Muchitsanzo ichi, zida za laser cladding zimaphatikizanso gawo loyambira ndi wosanjikiza wosavala wovala pamunsi. Chosanjikiza chapansi chimakutidwa ndi chitsulo chopangidwa ndi tungsten carbide composite alloy powder I. The iron-based tungsten carbide composite composite alloy powder I amaphatikizapo spherical tungsten carbide I ndi iron-based alloy powder I. Spherical tungsten carbide I amawerengera 35%, chitsulo- based alloy powder I amawerengera 65%, ndipo chiŵerengero cha tungsten carbide yozungulira-grained lalikulu-grained spherical tungsten carbide mu spherical tungsten carbide I ndi 2.5: 1.
Chosanjikiza chosamva kuvala chimakutidwa ndi chitsulo chopangidwa ndi tungsten carbide composite alloy powder II. Iron-based tungsten carbide composite alloy powder II imaphatikizapo spherical tungsten carbide II ndi iron-based alloy powder II. spherical tungsten carbide II ndi 45%, iron-based alloy powder II ndi 55%, ndipo chiŵerengero cha tungsten carbide yozungulira kwambiri ndi 1.4:1.
Zomwe tazitchula pamwambapa zitsulo zopangidwa ndi aloyi ufa I ndi chitsulo-based alloy powder II zimagwiritsa ntchito chitsulo chofanana ndi chitsulo, ndipo chiwerengero cha misala ndi C: 0.1%, Si: 1.6%, Cr: 21%, Ni: 14 %, Mo: 1.3%, Mn: 1%, ndipo ndalama zonse ndi Fe.
Zomwe tazitchula pamwambazi zazikulu zozungulira tungsten carbide ndi tungsten carbide tinthu tating'onoting'ono ta 50μm-100μm, ndipo tinthu tating'onoting'ono tokhala ndi tungsten carbide ndi tinthu tating'onoting'ono tating'ono ta 20μm-45μm.
Njira yopangira ufa, kukonzekera zitsanzo ndi kuyesa njira zimatengera Chitsanzo 1.
Zitsanzo zisanu za ma embodiments ndi gawo lapansi la H13 adayesedwa poyesa kuzindikira zolakwika zamtundu, ndipo zotsatira zake zidawonetsa kuti kusanjikizako kunalibe zolakwika zazikulu; kuyesa kwa Charpy pendulum kulimba kwamphamvu kunachitika pachithunzi chilichonse, ndipo zotsatira zamphamvu zamayamwidwe zonse zidapitilira gawo lapansi la mphete yodula; kutentha kwa chipinda kutsetsereka kukangana ndi kuyesa kuvala kunachitika, ndipo deta ikuwonetsedwa patebulo ili: Chitsanzo 1 (7.95E-6), Chitsanzo 2 (1.26E-5), Chitsanzo 3 (2.80E-5), Chitsanzo 4 (5.34E-5), Chitsanzo 5 (3.90E-6), H13 gawo lapansi (1.83E-4).
Mwachidule, laser cladding wosanjikiza wokonzedwa ndi chitsulo-based chitsulo aloyi ufa akhoza bwino kusintha ntchito pamwamba ng'anjo, kukwaniritsa zosowa za opareshoni m'mikhalidwe yovuta thanthwe, kuchepetsa kumwa zitsulo monga faifi tambala ndi cobalt, kupulumutsa nthawi kusintha odulira panthawi yokonza zishango, kukonza magwiridwe antchito a makina a zishango, ndikukhala ndi zabwino zachuma.