I mea e hoʻomaikaʻi ai i ka pale ʻana o nā ʻāpana e pili ana i ka lepo o ka mīkini mahiʻai, FeCoCrNiMn high entropy alloy, Fe90 alloy a me Ni60A nā pauka huila ua koho ʻia no ka noiʻi hoʻohālikelike. Ua hoʻomākaukau ʻia ka uhi pale ʻaʻahu e ʻenehana pale laser me ke kila 65Mn e like me ka substrate, a ua hoʻāʻo ʻia kāna hana lole e ka friction a me ka mīkini hoʻāʻo. Ua hōʻike ʻia nā hopena i ka FeCoCrNiMn high entropy alloy coating i loaʻa ka ʻano paʻa loa, nā hua maʻalahi, a ʻaʻohe pūhui intermetallic paʻakikī i hana ʻia; ʻO ka hāʻawi ʻana i ka palaoa microstructure o Ni60A a me ka Fe90 alloy coatings ua ʻano pilikia. ʻO nā poho o ke kila kila 65Mn, Ni60A alloy, Fe90 alloy a me FeCoCrNiMn kiʻekiʻe entropy alloy coating he 9, 4, 5 a me 2 mg kēlā me kēia, a ʻoi aku ka nui o ka poho o ka lole ma mua o ka uhi. ʻO ka paʻakikī o Vickers o Fe90 a me Ni60A nā mea hoʻoheheʻe he 683.87 a me 663.62 HV, a ʻo ka paʻakikī o ka Fe-CoCrNiMn kiʻekiʻe entropy alloy coating he 635.81 HV, he haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa ma mua o nā uhi ʻē aʻe, akā maikaʻi kona pale ʻana.

Me ka hoʻomohala wikiwiki ʻana o nā mīkini mahiʻai a me nā mea hana, ʻo nā ʻāpana e pili ana i ka lepo o nā mīkini mahiʻai e hoʻopilikia ʻia e ka hopena a me ka friction abrasives e like me ka lepo a me ke one no ka manawa lōʻihi, kahi e kau ai i nā koi kiʻekiʻe i ka pale ʻana o ka lepo kuʻuna. - nā ʻāpana pili. Ma waena o nā ʻano hana anti-ʻaʻahu, ʻo ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana i ka laser a me ka mālama ʻana i luna o ka ʻili hemahema o nā ʻāpana e pili ana i ka lepo, ʻelua mau ʻano lapaʻau maʻamau. Hoʻohana lāua ʻelua i nā mea hoʻopihapiha ʻokoʻa e hoʻoheheʻe a wela paha i ka mea uhi i loko o kahi kūlana semi-hoʻoheheʻe ʻia a uhi ʻia ma ka ʻili o ka substrate, a laila e hoʻomaikaʻi ai i ke kūpaʻa ʻana o ka substrate. ʻO nā mea hoʻopili maʻamau ʻelua no nā ʻāpana pili i ka lepo, ʻo ia nā mea hao a me nā nickel-based alloys. Hoʻokumu ʻia nā mea hoʻopili ʻelua i kahi mea hoʻohui a hoʻomaikaʻi i ka hana o ka uhi ʻana ma o ka hoʻohui ʻana i nā mea kūpono ʻē aʻe. I kēia manawa, ʻo ka noiʻi a me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i ka pale ʻana o nā mea metala kuʻuna ua kokoke i ka saturation, a ke liʻiliʻi a liʻiliʻi ka wahi no ka noiʻi.

Hoʻokumu ʻia nā ʻāpana entropy kiʻekiʻe me nā ʻano mea hoʻohui like ʻole me nā ratio atomic like, me nā ʻano hoʻonā paʻa maʻalahi a ʻoi aku ka maʻalahi, e hōʻike ana i ka ikaika kiʻekiʻe, ke kūpaʻa ʻaʻahu kiʻekiʻe a me ke kūpaʻa corrosion maikaʻi. Ke hoʻohana nei i ka pauka entropy alloy kiʻekiʻe no ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana i nā pale pale pale i ka mīkini mahiʻai i nā ʻāpana e pili ana i ka lepo, ʻoi aku ke kūpaʻa o nā ʻāpana a hiki ke hoʻonui i ko lākou ola lawelawe.

Hoʻohana ʻia ka ʻenehana laser cladding e hoʻomākaukau i nā uhi, nona nā mea maikaʻi o ka ʻike wela a me nā wahi liʻiliʻi i hoʻopili ʻia i ka wela. ʻOkoʻa ka ʻōnaehana hoʻonohonoho i hana ʻia ma ka wahi hoʻoheheʻe mai nā ʻano cladding ʻē aʻe, e like me ka electrospark deposition, magnetron sputtering a me ka pale plasma. I ka manawa like, hoʻohana ʻia ka ʻenehana laser cladding no ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana i nā uhi, a ua hoʻokumu ʻia nā hale hoʻonohonoho amorphous i loko o ka hui uhi. I kēia manawa, he liʻiliʻi nā haʻawina e pili ana i ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā mea hoʻoheheʻe entropy kiʻekiʻe i ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana i nā lole pale pale no ka mīkini mahiʻai i nā ʻāpana pili lepo. Ma keia pepa, Fe90 alloy, Ni60A alloy a me FeCoCrNiMn high entropy alloy wear-resistant coatings i hoomakaukauia ma ka ili o 65Mn kila me ka hoohana ana i ka laser cladding technology. Ua hoʻohālikelike ʻia a hoʻopaʻa ʻia nā ʻano kuʻi a me ka ʻaʻahu ʻana o nā mea hoʻoheheʻe entropy kiʻekiʻe, a ua ʻimi ʻia ko lākou mau kānāwai tribological e hāʻawi i kahi kuhikuhi no ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka noi o nā alloys entropy kiʻekiʻe.

1 Nā mea hoʻokolohua a me nā ʻano hana

1. 1 Ka hoomakaukau ana i ka uhi
Ua hoʻohana ka laʻana i ka 65Mn kiʻekiʻe carbon puna kila ma ke ʻano kumu, a ua ʻoki ʻia i loko o nā laʻana me ka nui o 200 mm × 400 mm × 4 mm me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka mīkini ʻoki metallographic. Hoʻopili ʻia ka hāpana ma mua o ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana i mea e pale ai i ka ʻili o ka oxide, ka ʻaila a me nā mea haumia ʻē aʻe ma ka ʻili o ka hāpana mai ka hoʻopili ʻana i ka ikaika paʻa ma waena o ka uhi a me ka hāpana. ʻO 80, 120, 220, 800, 1 000, 1 500 a me 2 000 ka pepa liʻiliʻi i hoʻohana ʻia no ka wili ʻana. Ua hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻia ka laʻana i hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻia i ka ethanol no 5 min, waiho ʻia i loko o ka umu maloʻo ma 105 ℃ no 10 min, a hoʻopaʻa ʻia a mālama ʻia ma hope o ka maloʻo ʻana. Fe90 alloy, Ni60A alloy a me FeCoCrNiMn high entropy alloy powder (particle size of 45 to 105 μm) i koho ʻia e like me nā mea papa pale. Hōʻike ʻia ke ʻano kemika o nā mea hoʻāʻo a me nā pauka ma ka Papa 1. ʻO ka mana kiʻekiʻe loa o ka CW-CBW-8000G-91-20L laser cladding mea hana ʻo 25,000 W. ʻO ka hoʻāʻo ʻana i ka ʻaoʻao-axis broadband powder feeding method, argon kinoea pale, a ʻo ka mānoanoa o ka uhi ʻana he 1 mm. Hōʻike ʻia nā ʻāpana kaʻina hana pale ma ka Papa 2.

1.2 Hōʻike hōʻike
ʻO ke kila 65Mn ka laʻana S1, ʻo Ni60A ka uhi ʻana i ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana he laʻana S2, ʻo Fe90 ka uhi ʻana i ka hāpana S3, a ʻo ka FeCoCrNiMn kiʻekiʻe entropy i hoʻopili ʻia ka laʻana S4. ʻO ka hopena etching metallographic o ka laʻana S1 he 4% nitric acid solution (concentrated nitric acid and anhydrous ethanol, volume ratio is 4: 100); ʻO ka solution etching metallographic o ka laʻana S2 he copper sulfate pentahydrate solution (hydrochloric acid, wai a me copper sulfate, volume ratio he 10: 10: 1); ʻO ka hopena etching metallographic o nā laʻana S3 a me S4 ​​he 5% aqua regia (ka waika hydrochloric concentrated a me ka waikawa nitric concentrated, ka ratio o ka leo he 3: 1).

Ua nānā ʻia ka microstructure metallographic o ka hāpana e Leica DM4000M metallographic microscope; ua ana ʻia ka ʻili a me ka ʻāpana kea o ka hāpana e Jinan Times TMVS-1 hōʻike kikohoʻe Vickers hardness tester; Ua ʻike ʻia ka hana ʻino a me ka hoʻohana ʻana o ka mea e ka MMU-10 microcomputer-controlled end face friction and wear tester; ua hoʻohana ʻia ka paiki paʻi paʻi no ka hoʻāʻo ʻana, a ʻo ka pōpō wili he ZrO2 wili pōpō me ke anawaena o 6 mm. ʻO nā palena ho'āʻo he 50 N, ka wikiwiki 80 r / min, a me ka manawa friction 120 min; Ua ʻike ʻia ke ʻano o ka ʻaʻahu ma hope o ka hoʻāʻo ʻana a me ka hoʻāʻo ʻana o ka hāpana e kahi microscope optical.

2 Nā hopena hōʻike a me ka loiloi

2.1 ʻO ka hana metallographic o ka uhi
Hōʻike ka Kiʻi 1 i ke kiʻikuhi hoʻolālā metallographic ili o nā laʻana S1, S2, S3 a me S4. E like me ka mea i hōʻike ʻia ma ke Kiʻi 1a, ʻo ke ʻano o ka laʻana S1 ka mea nui i haku ʻia me ka ferrite a me ka pearlite i puʻunaue ʻia ma ke ʻano pā. Hiki ke ʻike maopopo ʻia mai ka Figure 1b ʻo ka microstructure o ka uhi ʻana o ka hāpana S2 he dendrites a me reticular eutectics, ʻano maikaʻi ke ʻano o ka hoʻonohonoho ʻana, a ʻano ʻino nā dendrites, a ʻo nā hui lōʻihi a me nā hui blocky i hana ʻole ʻia. E like me ka mea i hōʻike ʻia ma ka Figure 1c, ʻo ka microstructure o ka pauku keʻa o ka uhi ʻana o ka hāpana S3 he dendrites koʻikoʻi a ʻaʻahu, nā hui dendrite interlaced, a me ka nui o nā ua nui ʻālohilohi. E like me ka mea i hōʻike ʻia ma ka Figure 1d, ʻo ka hui cross-sectional o ka uhi ʻana o ka laʻana S4 ka ʻoi loa o ka paʻa, ka mea nui i haku ʻia me nā kristal equiaxed i puʻunaue like ʻia, a ua hoʻoheheʻe ʻia nā lua ʻole. ʻO ka hoʻohālikelike ʻana i nā hui ʻehā, ʻo ka liʻiliʻi o ka nui o ka ʻili o ka S4 coating, ʻoi aku ka paʻakikī a me ke ʻano like ʻole o nā ʻano, ʻano maʻalahi nā kīʻaha, a ʻaʻohe mea paʻakikī intermetallic hoʻohuihui.

2. 2 Microhardness o ka uhi
He hoʻohālikelike ka helu 2 o ka microhardness ili o nā laʻana. ʻO ka paʻakikī Vickers o nā laʻana S1, S2, S3 a me S4 ​​ma kahi o 234.02 HV, 683.87 HV, 663.62 HV a me 635.51 HV. He hoʻohālikelike ka helu 3 o ka microhardness cross-sectional o nā laʻana. Hiki ke ʻike ʻia mai ka Figure 3, ʻo ka awelika o ka paʻakikī Vickers o nā uhi o nā laʻana S2 a me S3 he 3 a 4 mau manawa kiʻekiʻe ma mua o ko ka hāpana S1, e hōʻike ana i ka ʻoi aku o ka paʻakikī o nā uhi o S2 a me S3 a ʻoi aku ka ʻoi aku o ka crystallization metallurgy cladding. ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hopena. ʻO ka awelika o ka paʻakikī Vickers o ka ʻili uhi o ka hāpana S4 he haʻahaʻa iki ma mua o ko nā laʻana S2 a me S3. ʻO kēia ke kumu i ka wā e paʻa koke ai ka pauka FeCoCrNiMn kiʻekiʻe entropy alloy, ua liʻiliʻi ka distortion lattice, a ua hoʻoheheʻe ʻia ke ʻano aniani FCC a hoʻopuehu ʻia i loko o ka amorphous o ka papa cladding, hiki ke noʻonoʻo i ke ʻano o ka FeCoCrNiMn high entropy alloy. ʻO ka uhi ʻana he paʻakikī maikaʻi a haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa.

2.3 ʻO nā waiwai piliki a ʻaʻahu
2.3.1 ʻAwelika hoʻoheheʻe ʻana
'O ke Ki'i 4 ka 'awelika o ka ho'okolo 'ana o nā la'ana S1, S2, S3 a me S4. Hiki ke ʻike ʻia ma ka lumi wela, ʻo ka awelika friction coefficient o ka ʻili o ka hāpana S1 ma kahi o 0.53, a ʻo ka awelika friction coefficient fluctuates ka nui loa i nā minuke 20 mua, e piʻi ana i kahi 0.6; i ka hele ʻana o ka manawa, ʻoi aku ka paʻa o ka ʻawelike friction coefficient. ʻO kēia no ka mea i ka wā mua o ka friction ma waena o ka laʻana S1 a me ZrO2 wili pōleʻa, nui nā ʻōpala ma waena o ka hōʻailona ʻaʻahu a me ka pōle wili, e hoʻopuka ana i kahi koʻikoʻi ʻoki nui, e hopena i ka fluctuation ʻoi o ka coefficient friction. ʻO ka awelika friction coefficient o nā laʻana S2, S3 a me S4 ​​ma kahi o 0.38, 0.32 a me 0.25. ʻO ka puʻunaue paʻakikī o nā ʻāpana ʻāpana paʻakikī i ka laʻana S2 ke kumu o ka neʻe ʻana o ka awelika friction coefficient curve e ʻoi aku ka ikaika. ʻOi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ka paʻakikī o nā laʻana S3 a me S4 ​​ma mua o ka ZrO2 wili pōpō. He haʻahaʻa hoʻi ka ikaika o ka ʻāwili ʻana o ka mea hoʻoheheʻe ʻia me ka paʻakikī haʻahaʻa, kahi kūpono e hōʻemi i ka ʻawelike friction coefficient i ka wā friction. ʻO ka awelika friction coefficient curves o nā laʻana S3 a me S4 ​​he ʻano like ke ʻano, e mālama ana i kahi kaulike hoʻoikaika paʻa. Ma waena o lākou, ʻo ka ʻawelike friction coefficient o ka hāpana S4 ka haʻahaʻa loa, ʻo ka ikaika friction ma lalo o ka ikaika like ka mea liʻiliʻi loa, a ʻo ka degere ʻaʻahu ka haʻahaʻa. ʻO kēia no ka mea i ka manawa e hoʻomoʻalili wikiwiki ai ka laʻana S4, ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o nā ʻāpana ʻāpana haumia, ʻoi aku ka maʻalahi o ka ʻili o ka uhi ʻana a ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o nā hemahema, a ʻoi aku ka maʻalahi o ka hoʻopili ʻana me ka pōpō wili ZrO2, me ka ʻike ʻole a me ka drastic fluctuations.

2. 3. 2 Aahu i ke kaumaha
Hōʻike ʻia ka ʻikepili pohō kaumaha o nā laʻana ma ke Kiʻi 5. ʻO ka nui o ka pohō o ka hāʻule ʻana o ka hāpana S1 he 9 mg, a ʻo nā poho aahu o nā laʻana S2 a me S3 he 4 mg a me 5 mg. Ma waena o lākou, ʻo ka lilo ʻana o ka hāpana S4 ka haʻahaʻa loa, ʻo ia ka 2 mg. ʻO kēia ke kumu o ka FeCoCrNiMn kiʻekiʻe entropy alloy coating i hoʻokahi māhele FCC, kiʻekiʻe plasticity a me ka paʻakikī maikaʻi. Ma lalo o ka hopena friction o kahi ukana o 50 N, hiki i ka FeCoCrNiMn high entropy alloy material ke komo i ka nui o ka ikehu, ʻaʻole maʻalahi ke hana i ka ʻili luhi, a maikaʻi ke pale ʻana i ka lole.

2.3.3 Hoʻohana i ka nānā ʻana i ka morphology
Hōʻike ke kiʻi 6 i ke ʻano o ka ʻaʻahu o nā laʻana ʻehā i ʻike ʻia ma lalo o nā kūlana hoʻāʻo like ma hope o 120 mau minuke o ke komo ʻana. E like me ka mea i ʻike ʻia mai ka Figure 6a, ua loaʻa i ka S1 ka deformation plastic koʻikoʻi ma muli o ka haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa o ka paʻakikī, ʻo ka ʻili concave o ka ʻōpala ʻaʻahu he koʻikoʻi, aia kahi wahi nui o ka papa hoʻopaʻa, a hiki mai ka delamination. E like me ka ʻike ʻia mai ka Figure 6b, ua puʻunaue like ʻole ka ʻili o ka hāpana S2 me nā pūhui keʻokeʻo elliptical dot-shaped, e hoʻonui ai i ka paʻakikī o ka uhi ʻana, me ka ʻike ʻia ʻana o nā ʻōpala a me nā ʻauwaha unidirectional. ʻO ka paʻakikī o ka ʻili o ka hāpana S3 ka mea kiʻekiʻe loa, e like me ka mea i hōʻike ʻia ma ke Kiʻi 6c, he haiki ka laula ʻaʻahu ʻaʻahu, a pāpaʻu nā awāwa ma ka ʻili o ka uhi. I ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana, ma ke Kiʻi 6d, ʻoluʻolu loa nā awāwa o ka uhi ʻana o ka hāpana S4, ʻo ia ka mea ma muli o ke ʻano like ʻole o ka ʻāpana pale, nā kīʻaha maikaʻi, a me ke kūpaʻa maikaʻi ʻana; aia nā pores maʻamau ʻole i loko o nā ʻāwī, ʻo ia paha ke kumu o ka hui ʻana o ka pauka huila kiʻekiʻe entropy me ke kinoea i loko o ka moku i hoʻoheheʻe ʻia ma lalo o ke kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe o ka kukuna laser, a me ke kinoea e kahe ana i ka wā i hoʻomoʻa ʻia ka hāpana e hana i nā pores. .

Ma lalo o nā kūlana ho'āʻo like, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka laulā o ka hoʻāʻo ʻana i ka ʻili, ʻoi aku ka nui o ke kaumaha o ke kaumaha. Ma ka hoʻohālikelike ʻana i ka pohō kaumaha o nā laʻana like ʻole ma ke Kiʻi 5, hiki ke ʻike ʻia ʻo ka pilina ma waena o ka nui o ka laʻana ʻaʻahu ʻulaʻula ʻo S1> S3> S2> S4. Kūlike kēia me nā hopena hoʻāʻo o ka pohō kaumaha ʻaʻahu i hōʻike ʻia ma ke Kiʻi 5.

Panina

1) ʻO ka FeCoCrNiMn entropy kiʻekiʻe ka uhi ʻana i ka alloy ʻOi aku ka pōʻino o ka hāʻawi ʻana i ka palaoa microstructure o ka Ni60A a me Fe90 alloy coatings. ʻO ka FeCoCrNiMn kiʻekiʻe entropy alloy coating he ʻano maʻalahi maʻalahi a ʻaʻohe pūhui intermetallic paʻakikī i hana ʻia.

2) ʻO ka paʻakikī Vickers o ka hui Ni60A, Fe90 alloy a me FeCoCrNiMn high entropy alloy coatings ma kahi o 683.87, 663.62 a me 635.51 HV, ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe ma mua o ka paʻakikī Vickers o ka substrate (234.02 HV). ʻO ka waiwai paʻakikī o ka Fe-CoCrNiMn high entropy alloy coating he haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa ma mua o ka Ni60A alloy a me Fe90 alloy coatings, ʻaʻole ia e pili i kona pale ʻana.

3) ʻO nā poho o ka 65Mn steel substrate, Ni60A alloy, Fe90 alloy a me Fe-CoCrNiMn high entropy alloy coating he 9, 4, 5 a me 2 mg. ʻO ka ʻili ʻaʻahu o FeCoCrNiMn kiʻekiʻe entropy alloy coating ʻoi aku ka maʻalahi, me ka hohonu o ka ʻaʻahu pāpaʻu, nā poho liʻiliʻi a me ke kūpaʻa kiʻekiʻe loa.