In order to reduce instability factors in the laser cladding or metal 3D printing process and improve metal forming accuracy, closed-loop feedback control of the main parameters of the laser cladding process can be carried out through optical and other monitoring means.
During the laser cladding or metal 3D printing molding process, due to dynamic changes in the shape, temperature, material and thermal conductivity conditions of the substrate, as well as fluctuations in process parameters during the cladding process, uneven heating of the cladding interface may result in uneven molten pool shape. Large fluctuations in size, temperature, etc. lead to instability. Under the combined effect of these problems, the height and width of the stacked material may be out of control, or even impossible to form. In addition, at the beginning and end of the cladding path, due to the presence of CNC The acceleration or deceleration of the moving machinery may also cause changes in the depth and width of the molten pool, causing the material to be formed out of control.
In order to reduce instability factors in the laser cladding or metal 3D printing process and improve metal forming accuracy, closed-loop feedback control of the main parameters of the laser cladding process can be carried out through optical and other monitoring means to achieve control over the size, shape, and temperature of the molten pool. Real-time monitoring and related data recording and analysis, and then real-time feedback adjustment or PID control of process parameters to achieve the effect of improving process stability and forming accuracy.
For example:
Controlled variables: molten pool width, molten pool height, molten pool temperature
Directly controlled parameters: laser power, scanning speed, spot size